Overview, Analysis, and Causes of Gear Noise
Gear noise is accurately referred to as gear transmission noise, which refers to the noise generated by meshing gear pairs or gear sets during transmission.
Release time:
2025-03-07
1. Overview
Gear noise should accurately be referred to as gear transmission noise, which refers to the noise radiated from the vibration of the gear body caused by the collision or friction of meshing gear pairs or gear sets during transmission.
2. Gear Noise Analysis and Causes
Gear Noise Analysis
To reduce the noise of the gear transmission system from a design perspective, we should first analyze the types and mechanisms of gear system noise.
In a gear system, noise can be divided into acceleration noise and self-excited noise based on different mechanisms. On one hand, when the gear teeth mesh, the impact causes the gears to produce significant acceleration, which disturbs the surrounding medium, and the sound radiation generated from this disturbance is called gear acceleration noise. On the other hand, under the action of dynamic meshing forces, the various components of the system will vibrate, and the sound radiation produced by these vibrations is called self-excited noise.
For open gear transmissions, acceleration noise radiates directly from the point of tooth impact, while self-excited noise radiates from the gear body, transmission shaft, etc. For closed gear transmissions, acceleration noise first radiates into the air and lubricating oil inside the gearbox, and then radiates out through the gearbox. Self-excited noise is caused by the vibration of the gear body transmitted through the transmission shaft, leading to support vibrations, which then radiate through the vibrations of the gearbox wall. Generally speaking, self-excited noise is the main sound source of closed gear transmissions. Therefore, the noise intensity of the gear system is related not only to the dynamic excitation force of the gear teeth meshing but also to the structural forms, dynamic characteristics, and the transmission characteristics of dynamic meshing forces among the gear body, transmission shaft, bearings, and housing.
Causes of Gear Noise
In terms of gear design, improper parameter selection, too low overlap, improper or lack of tooth profile modification, unreasonable gearbox structure, etc. In terms of gear processing, excessive base pitch error and tooth shape error, excessive tooth side clearance, excessive surface roughness, etc. In terms of gear systems and gearboxes, eccentric assembly, low contact precision, poor shaft parallelism, insufficient stiffness of shafts, bearings, and supports, low rotational precision of bearings, and improper clearances, etc. In other aspects, input torque, fluctuations in load torque, torsional vibrations of the shaft system, and the balance of motors and other transmission pairs, etc.
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